India V2X Communication Framework TRAI Spectrum Allocation C-V2X Policy

The regulatory landscape for connected mobility in India is evolving with a structured push toward Vehicle-to-Everything communication. On April 30, 2026, the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) introduced a consultation paper outlining a comprehensive regulatory framework for V2X systems. This development follows prior groundwork from the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways Task Force and aligns with the Department of Telecommunications’ approval to adopt Cellular V2X as the standardized Intelligent Transport System technology. The move is aimed at enabling seamless communication between vehicles, infrastructure, and networks.

Spectrum Allocation Strategy for C-V2X Deployment

The consultation paper proposes allocating 30 MHz of spectrum within the 5,875–5,905 MHz band specifically for initial deployment of Cellular V2X systems. This allocation is intended to support early-stage deployment and ecosystem development across connected mobility applications. Additionally, the remaining 20 MHz in the 5,905–5,925 MHz range has been reserved for future Intelligent Transport System use cases, ensuring scalability and long-term planning. This dual-band approach reflects a phased spectrum utilization model designed to accommodate evolving communication needs.

Operational Framework for OBUs and RSUs

The regulatory proposal differentiates operational requirements between On-Board Units and Roadside Units. OBUs, which are embedded within vehicles, are proposed to operate under a license-exempt regime to accelerate adoption and reduce deployment barriers. In contrast, RSUs, which form the infrastructure backbone, will require service authorization to ensure coordinated deployment and effective interference management. This distinction is aimed at balancing ease of adoption with network reliability and performance consistency across ITS infrastructure deployments.

Certification and Standardization Requirements

The framework addresses critical aspects of certification and technical standardization necessary for ecosystem maturity. It evaluates whether a specific Cellular V2X standard should be mandated and outlines certification requirements under the Mandatory Testing and Certification of Telecom Equipment regime. Both OBUs and RSUs would need to comply with these certification protocols to ensure interoperability and safety. Additionally, the paper discusses standardizing the higher-layer communication stack within ITS systems to enable consistent data exchange and protocol alignment across platforms.

Security and Authentication Architecture

A key component of the proposed framework is the introduction of a Public Key Infrastructure-based security and authentication system. This mechanism is intended to safeguard communication between vehicles and infrastructure by ensuring data integrity, authentication, and privacy protection. Establishing a secure communication backbone is essential for preventing malicious interference and enabling trust across connected mobility networks. The proposal highlights the importance of cybersecurity in scaling V2X deployments in real-world environments.

Stakeholder Consultation Timeline

The consultation process invites industry stakeholders to participate in shaping the final regulatory framework. Comments on the proposal are open until May 28, 2026, followed by a counter-comment phase ending on June 11, 2026. This structured consultation approach allows ecosystem participants, including automotive manufacturers, telecom providers, and technology developers, to contribute insights and address implementation challenges. The feedback will play a crucial role in refining policies for nationwide deployment.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the objective of India’s V2X communication framework?
The objective of India’s V2X communication framework is to establish a standardized, secure, and scalable system for enabling communication between vehicles, infrastructure, and networks. This framework supports improved road safety, traffic efficiency, and intelligent mobility solutions. It defines spectrum allocation, certification requirements, and operational guidelines for key components like OBUs and RSUs. By aligning with Cellular V2X technology, the initiative aims to create a unified ecosystem for connected transportation while ensuring interoperability and long-term scalability across the country’s mobility infrastructure.

Why is spectrum allocation important for C-V2X deployment?
Spectrum allocation is critical for ensuring reliable and interference-free communication in C-V2X systems. The designated 30 MHz band supports initial deployment needs, enabling real-time data exchange between vehicles and infrastructure. Reserving additional spectrum for future ITS applications ensures scalability as demand grows. Proper allocation also minimizes signal conflicts and enhances communication efficiency. By structuring spectrum usage in defined bands, regulators can optimize network performance, support diverse use cases, and ensure that connected mobility technologies operate seamlessly across urban and highway environments.